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• #POTASSIUM PERIODIC TABLE FREE#

Praha: Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická, 2002. Metallic potassium is available commercially for about $40/lb in small quantities. The radioactivity presents no appreciable hazard. Ordinary potassium is composed of three isotopes, one of which is 40 oK (0.0118%), a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 1.28 x 10 9 years. Seventeen isotopes of potassium are known.

Potassium and its salts impart a violet color to flames. It rapidly oxidizes in air and must be preserved in a mineral oil such as kerosene.Īs with other metals of the alkali group, it decomposes in water with the evolution of hydrogen. Potassium salts are extremely toxic when injected. Hazards and risks associated with potassium: Potassium metal is a major fire risk since it catches fire when reacting with water. 19 K Potassium 39.098 20 Ca Calcium 40.078 21 Sc Scandium 44.956 22 Ti Titanium 47.867 23 V Vanadium 50.942 24 Cr Chromium 51.996 25 Mn Manganese 54.938 26 Fe Iron 55.845. Image showing periodicity of the logarithm of the abundance of the chemical elements as a cityscape on a periodic table grid. Visualize trends, 3D orbitals, isotopes, and mix compounds. It is soft, easily cut with a knife, and is silvery in appearance immediately after a fresh surface is exposed. Interactive periodic table showing names, electrons, and oxidation states. Potassium was the first metal isolated by electrolysis. Except for lithium, it is the lightest known metal. Potassium was isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who obtained it through the electrolysis of very dry molten caustic potash (KOH, potassium hydroxide). It is one of the most reactive and electropositive of metals.

Many potassium salts are of utmost importance, including the hydroxide, nitrate, carbonate, chloride, chlorate, bromide, iodide, cyanide, sulfate, chromate, and dichromate. Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.Īn alloy of sodium and potassium (NaK) is used as a heat-transfer medium. The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers. Thermal methods also are commonly used to produce potassium (such as by reduction of potassium compounds with CaC 2, C, Si, or Na).

#POTASSIUM PERIODIC TABLE FREE#

Potassium is never found free in nature, but is obtained by electrolysis of the hydroxide, much in the same manner as prepared by Davy. Potassium is also found in the ocean, but is present only in relatively small amounts, compared to sodium. Large deposits of potash, found at a depth of some 3000 ft in Saskatchewan, promise to be important in coming years. 4s1 and the term symbol of potassium is 2S1/2. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral potassium is Ar.

Potash is mined in Germany, New Mexico, California, Utah, and elsewhere. Potassium atoms have 19 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.8.1. Most potassium minerals are insoluble and the metal is obtained from them only with great difficulty.Ĭertain minerals, however, such as sylvite, carnallite, langbeinite, and polyhalite are found in ancientlake and sea beds and form rather extensive deposits from which potassium and its salts can readily be obtained. The metal is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 2.4% by weight of the earth's crust. kalium, Arab qali, alkali) Discovered in 1807 by Davy, who obtained it from caustic potash (KOH) this was the first metal isolated by electrolysis.